澳门本地人文化即将消失
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最后更新：2011/02/11 11:19:32 by shirley_88
来源：纽约时报中文版 博客
澳门人澳门本地人文化即将消失（Swimming Against a Demographic Tide in Macao）
Aida de Jesus, left, and her daughter, Sonia Palmer, are a part of a stalwart minority on Macao, a densely settled speck in the Pearl River Delta whose ancestry is often drawn from the former outposts of the Portuguese empire.
But the Macanese — as this former Portuguese colony’s mixed-race residents are called — are threatened by a demographic tide that could subsume their culture.
阿依达（左侧）和她的女儿索尼娅是少数典型的澳门人，这一人群定居在珠江三角洲，而他们同时拥有澳门葡萄牙殖民者的血统。
但澳门人——这群因和葡萄牙殖民者通婚而诞生的居民，他们独特的文化正面临着被大陆移民融合的威胁。
Their numbers have dwindled to fewer than 10,000; by contrast, Macao’s population of 500,000 is about 95 percent Chinese and rising.
Miguel de Senna Fernandes, a lawyer and playwright whose ethnicity — Portuguese and Chinese — is considered fairly pure by Macanese standards. “Now that we are part of China," he said, "we are facing a very absorbing, overpowering force.”
澳门中葡混血儿的数量近年来锐减到不到一万人；而澳门五十万人口中超过百分之九十五都是纯种中国人。
米格尔·费尔南德斯是一名律师及剧作家——他是一名中葡混血儿——他被认为是一个标准的澳门人。他说“现在我们是中国大家庭的一份子，我们正处在相互融合的环境之中。”
But some are trying to preserve their throughly mixed cultural identity, which often revolves around shared language and food. The Macaenses Association organizes monthly dinners complete with a band playing songs in a lively, endemic creole known as Patuá.
They also have an annual play that revives what people call “doci papiacam,” or sweet speech, a stew of archaic Portuguese, Malay and Singhalese spiced with English, Dutch and Japanese, and more recently, a large helping of Cantonese.
但有一部分澳门人却在试图维持他们中西融合的独特文化，这些文化通常在语言以及食物中体现出来。澳门土生协会每月组织当地人聚会，通常在聚会中还会有乐队用特有的巴度亚特里奥尔语进行表演。
这里每年还会举行被当地人称为“doci papiacam”的表演或者主题演讲，所用语言融合了古葡萄牙语，马来语，锡兰语，以及英语，荷兰语，日本语，近年来也有很大一部分广东话融入进来。
Mr. de Senna Fernandes, the lawyer and playwright who also runs the Macaenses group, remembers these types of gatherings from when he was young. Then, they were called “chá gordo,” or fat tea -- a typically Macanese interpretation of English high tea whose overabundance of Malaysian noodles, codfish fritters and custard tarts explained the fat.
费尔南德斯先生是一名律师和剧作家，同时他也是澳门人协会的会长，他从小就参加这种本地人之间的聚会。他们称之为“chá gordo”——一种具有澳门特色的英式下午茶，内容及其丰富，包括各式各样的马来西亚面点，鳕鱼饼，以及蛋挞。
The language is among the last of the creoles that once flourished in the constellation of ports that made up Portugal’s Asian and African holdings. Unlike British colonizers who maintained some distance from their subjects in Hong Kong, just an hour’s ferry trip from Macao, the Portuguese frequently married local women who then converted to Catholicism.
如今已经逐渐被淡忘的克里奥尔语曾经一度在亚洲及非洲的葡萄牙殖民地当中十分流行。虽然香港和澳门之间坐船只需要一小时的时间，但澳门葡萄牙殖民者不像英国人那样和当地人保持一定的距离，他们经常和改信天主教的当地妇女通婚。
Tracing the declining numbers of its native speakers in Macao, Patuá has been listed by Unesco as an endangered language. Filomeno Jorge and his band sang songs in Patuá at a recent monthly dinner.
说巴度亚语的澳门人越来越少，联合国教科文组织已把巴度亚语列为世界濒临灭绝的语言。弗拉蒙哥·约格和他的乐队在最近的一次聚会上用巴度亚语进行表演。
Early on Patuá served the mixed-blood Macanese well, fostering their role as a bridge between Macao’s Portuguese rulers and its predominantly Chinese inhabitants. In the years leading up to the transfer to China in 1999, thousands of apprehensive Macanese departed, with many settling in Portugal. But over the past decade, as Beijing stayed true to its promise to give Macao 50 years of relative autonomy, the emigration has slowed and a small but steady number have returned even in the facing of an overwhelming Chinese majority.
在早先，巴度亚语在中葡混血儿中间使用十分普遍，这种特色语言在葡萄牙殖民当局及当地中国人中间扮演着沟通的桥梁。随着1999年澳门主权移交中国，数千担忧局势不稳的澳门人移民葡萄牙。但经过过去十年，人们看到北京坚定奉行澳门自治50年不变，移民潮流逐步放缓，并且少数人又重返澳门，即使这里正面临着被中国大陆人同化的威胁。
澳门人澳门本地人文化即将消失（Swimming Against a Demographic Tide in Macao）
Aida de Jesus, left, and her daughter, Sonia Palmer, are a part of a stalwart minority on Macao, a densely settled speck in the Pearl River Delta whose ancestry is often drawn from the former outposts of the Portuguese empire.
But the Macanese — as this former Portuguese colony’s mixed-race residents are called — are threatened by a demographic tide that could subsume their culture.
阿依达（左侧）和她的女儿索尼娅是少数典型的澳门人，这一人群定居在珠江三角洲，而他们同时拥有澳门葡萄牙殖民者的血统。
但澳门人——这群因和葡萄牙殖民者通婚而诞生的居民，他们独特的文化正面临着被大陆移民融合的威胁。
Their numbers have dwindled to fewer than 10,000; by contrast, Macao’s population of 500,000 is about 95 percent Chinese and rising.
Miguel de Senna Fernandes, a lawyer and playwright whose ethnicity — Portuguese and Chinese — is considered fairly pure by Macanese standards. “Now that we are part of China," he said, "we are facing a very absorbing, overpowering force.”
澳门中葡混血儿的数量近年来锐减到不到一万人；而澳门五十万人口中超过百分之九十五都是纯种中国人。
米格尔·费尔南德斯是一名律师及剧作家——他是一名中葡混血儿——他被认为是一个标准的澳门人。他说“现在我们是中国大家庭的一份子，我们正处在相互融合的环境之中。”
But some are trying to preserve their throughly mixed cultural identity, which often revolves around shared language and food. The Macaenses Association organizes monthly dinners complete with a band playing songs in a lively, endemic creole known as Patuá.
They also have an annual play that revives what people call “doci papiacam,” or sweet speech, a stew of archaic Portuguese, Malay and Singhalese spiced with English, Dutch and Japanese, and more recently, a large helping of Cantonese.
但有一部分澳门人却在试图维持他们中西融合的独特文化，这些文化通常在语言以及食物中体现出来。澳门土生协会每月组织当地人聚会，通常在聚会中还会有乐队用特有的巴度亚特里奥尔语进行表演。
这里每年还会举行被当地人称为“doci papiacam”的表演或者主题演讲，所用语言融合了古葡萄牙语，马来语，锡兰语，以及英语，荷兰语，日本语，近年来也有很大一部分广东话融入进来。
Mr. de Senna Fernandes, the lawyer and playwright who also runs the Macaenses group, remembers these types of gatherings from when he was young. Then, they were called “chá gordo,” or fat tea -- a typically Macanese interpretation of English high tea whose overabundance of Malaysian noodles, codfish fritters and custard tarts explained the fat.
费尔南德斯先生是一名律师和剧作家，同时他也是澳门人协会的会长，他从小就参加这种本地人之间的聚会。他们称之为“chá gordo”——一种具有澳门特色的英式下午茶，内容及其丰富，包括各式各样的马来西亚面点，鳕鱼饼，以及蛋挞。
The language is among the last of the creoles that once flourished in the constellation of ports that made up Portugal’s Asian and African holdings. Unlike British colonizers who maintained some distance from their subjects in Hong Kong, just an hour’s ferry trip from Macao, the Portuguese frequently married local women who then converted to Catholicism.
如今已经逐渐被淡忘的克里奥尔语曾经一度在亚洲及非洲的葡萄牙殖民地当中十分流行。虽然香港和澳门之间坐船只需要一小时的时间，但澳门葡萄牙殖民者不像英国人那样和当地人保持一定的距离，他们经常和改信天主教的当地妇女通婚。
Tracing the declining numbers of its native speakers in Macao, Patuá has been listed by Unesco as an endangered language. Filomeno Jorge and his band sang songs in Patuá at a recent monthly dinner.
说巴度亚语的澳门人越来越少，联合国教科文组织已把巴度亚语列为世界濒临灭绝的语言。弗拉蒙哥·约格和他的乐队在最近的一次聚会上用巴度亚语进行表演。
Early on Patuá served the mixed-blood Macanese well, fostering their role as a bridge between Macao’s Portuguese rulers and its predominantly Chinese inhabitants. In the years leading up to the transfer to China in 1999, thousands of apprehensive Macanese departed, with many settling in Portugal. But over the past decade, as Beijing stayed true to its promise to give Macao 50 years of relative autonomy, the emigration has slowed and a small but steady number have returned even in the facing of an overwhelming Chinese majority.
在早先，巴度亚语在中葡混血儿中间使用十分普遍，这种特色语言在葡萄牙殖民当局及当地中国人中间扮演着沟通的桥梁。随着1999年澳门主权移交中国，数千担忧局势不稳的澳门人移民葡萄牙。但经过过去十年，人们看到北京坚定奉行澳门自治50年不变，移民潮流逐步放缓，并且少数人又重返澳门，即使这里正面临着被中国大陆人同化的威胁。
