语言的角度
¬——对《少年行》系列的解读（节录）
……
画面形式上的完美——比如，充分利用了视觉规律，能够引起最大的感官愉悦，从而展现了一种精确的秩序之美，这在一个“自然主义者”看来，或许确实就是“好画”了。但这意味“自然主义者”其实把另外一些东西看为无关紧要了。“自然主义者”一般基于这样的预设：一切领域（包括艺术领域）的一切（包括纯粹个人感受）都可以化归和还原为自然领域里的东西，这就意味着没有什么领域是独立和超越于自然的领域。在这个预设下，纯粹个人感受就仅仅成为了心理学或神经学的研究对象。而什么是一幅“好画”的问题变成了一个科学问题，“好”的标准即完全在于已然被决定的自然规律，我们需要寻找的仅仅是“好画”的心理学或生理学基础。这意味着，并不存在真正的、而只存在“看起来的”的“创作”活动，因为艺术活动不过是对某种艺术形式规律的运用。似乎运用这些规律，我们就能“创作”出一幅好画——画一幅好画与发明一件精巧的机械并无实质的不同。
但是，如果我们肯把艺术的精神理解为某种“人文”精神——即寻求对自然律的摆脱和突破而达到超越于自然的绝对自由的领域，那么我们就会看到，对艺术的自然主义式的理解与这种“人文”精神是截然对立的。因为把艺术过程理解为自然律在起作用无疑就消除了人在其中的自主性作用。因此，对艺术的“自然主义”式的理解最终会消解艺术的本体性。

与自然主义者类似，极端的语言主义者总是想把一切化归为语言世界的一部分。而我们期待着艺术是具有独立的本体地位的，因而也是要超越于语言形式的。那么，如果某个观念已然可以用语言说清楚，那么此时就没有必要诉诸艺术表达。艺术表达的对象总是超越于语言表达的极限。
所以，这组画的作者邢小震想表现的也是其言所不能达之意。画面中充满了具象形象，但又不符合具象世界的逻辑，加之画面的斑驳效果，产生了强烈的非现实氛围。作者试图通过画面场景直指梦境或记忆，带着观看者穿越到远离现在的另一个喧闹世界中。画面所传达出的对那样一个世界的强烈感受与复杂情感显然并不能通过分析画面构成本身而得到，正如神经冲动所传达的喜怒哀乐不能通过分析其中的生化学反应来得到。画面构成在这里仅构成了途径，其通向但无法进入那不可被还原的情感领域。作者将其所直面到的情感通过艺术操作而在画面上留下了一个入口或索引，带领着观者进入他内心中的独立王国。

作者描绘的似乎是他的童年回忆，但画面里透出的神秘氛围却让人感到紧张。作者为什么要把对童年回忆塑造为有些晦暗沉重的，而不是我们通常理解的那种单纯而轻松、无忧无虑的童年生活？

一提到童年，我们眼前似乎会浮现起可爱的儿童在阳光下明亮的草地上畅快奔跑的场景。但是，这样一种先入为主的审美趣味极有“媚俗”（kitsch）之嫌，即并不是根据当下的真实情感，而只是为了迎合固有的一些审美习惯，单纯以挑拨我们的情感为目的，概念化地和程式化地提供出一些廉价感动。而艺术的最高价值并不在于一种让人心情舒畅的“美”，那样一种快乐主义的审美观同样会架空“美”本身的独立含义。与之相反，艺术家追求的应当是通过对内心情感的真诚关照而达成与观众的沟通。操作起来就是前面所说的自我检视与悬搁成见的方法。如此看来，要求把童年与“美好”直接等同起来只会让我们离真实的情感更远；如果我们扪心自忖，对童年的回忆除了与无忧无虑相连，似乎更多地与对世界的陌生、不解、无助甚至恐惧，以及理性欠缺下的迷狂相关。作者还原出的这种神秘氛围比“阳光下草地上的快乐儿童”的情境更能打动和冲击我们的心灵。

中山大学哲学博士 李丰






The Dialogues
This is a set of good painting, I saw the picture of a control is in place, the tactics of the figures, skilled work force is also saw the outline, I almost can't pick out what's wrong with in form.
You're probably good, but is not sufficient. If this is a group of "good painting", so in the form of the perfect at most be a necessary condition is not sufficient conditions. That is, if a picture just do it in the form of the perfect, or can be used as a "perfect picture", but not necessarily is a "good painting".
All picture perfect, isn't it enough "good"?
The perfect picture form-for example, make full use of the visual rule, and could cause the biggest sensory pleasure, which showed a precise order of the United States, this in a "natural", it seemed, perhaps, is "really good painting". But that means "natural" actually, the other things to see as irrelevant. "Nature," general based on the default: all areas (including art field) all (including pure personal feelings) can be transforming and reduction of natural areas the thing, this means that no areas are independent and beyond the natural areas. In the default, pure personal feeling is just a psychology or neurological research object. And what is a "good painting" the question has become a matter of science, "good" standards, is absolutely has decided to laws of nature is, we need to look for is just a "good painting" the psychology or physiological basis. This means, there are no real, and only exist "look" of the "creation" activities, because art activities but to some kind of art form is the use of the law. Seems to use the law, we can "creation" produce a good painting, painting a picture of good painting and invented an ingenious mechanical and without any substantial difference.
But, if we would put the art for a spiritual understanding of "humanity" spirit-that is, seeking to get rid of natural law and the breakthrough in the natural transcendence of absolute free field, then we will see, the natural socialist type of art of understanding and the "humanity" spirit is the opposite. Because the art process for understanding of natural law in action will undoubtedly eliminates the people in one of the autonomy function. Therefore, the art of "naturalistic" type of understanding will eventually dispelling art of ontology.
That you said a "good" picture exactly what needs to accord with the standard?
According to the above analysis, we expect to art is able to go beyond the natural areas, highlighting people different from the characteristics of the natural objects. So, one of the "good"--" artistic works of strong "a necessary condition of the above is to satisfy this requirement. But this is not a "good art" sufficient conditions. For example, simply stack and reorganization and cause "uniqueness" could not be classified as the autonomy and the embodiment of the mark, because this kind of "innovation" is still the mechanical and restricted.
So how do we achieve the necessary requirements of good art and distinguish between the real and "fake" person of autonomy mark?
Speaking of principle to actually very simple, we need only in art activities constantly examine their heart, placing any prejudice sex, will be subject to the idea of the natural world hanging up, so as to avoid to put aside for yourself by external factors blindly the restriction and lure, finally let himself be sincerely face up to the pure feeling. Now that the creator is free, because he face and to be is can get rid of the natural law control field. But at the moment of pure feeling is private and the artistic. As an artist's creator then it its duty is the pure refining, the concentration of the play may feel, is the imagination and professional talent training in the firing of some art form of control, to set up a with a public works of art. Training force in art activities to suck asked when constantly examine their creation, will any external give,
Back to the paintings before us. This beautifully proportioned conveys the atmosphere of unique, even with some very strange smell. So from a picture to the genre, and the author want to do what?
And naturalist similar, extreme language, always want to put all transforming for language part of the world. And we are looking forward to the art is independent of the ontology, and hence to the position beyond the language of the form. So, if a concept has can use language clearly, so this time is no need to resort to artistic expression. The object of art expression always beyond the limits of language expression in.
So, the author of the paintings of the constraint is also want to do not reach of idea. Picture was filled with concrete image, but do not accord with the logic of the world, together with concrete picture mottled effect, produced the strong atmosphere of reality. The author tries to picture the scene at dreams or memory, with viewers through away from another noisy now in the world. The picture conveys to that of a world of strong feelings and complex emotions and not through the analysis obviously picture itself and get a nerve impulse, as had communicated laughter, anger, sorrow and happiness can't through the analysis of the biochemistry of the reaction to get. A picture here constitute only the way and it leads to but can't enter into that shall not be restored feelings fields. The author will face to the emotional through art operation and on the picture left a entrance or index to lead the visitors into his heart of independent kingdom.
The author depicts seems to be his childhood memories, but picture in deeply mysterious atmosphere can make people feel nervous. Why did the author to shape of childhood memories for some dark heavy, rather than we usually the kind of simple and easy to understand, carefree childhood?
A childhood, we see that seems to come up in the lovely children under bright grass carefree running scenes. However, such a first impressions are most lasting aesthetic interest is very "vulgar" (kitsch) too, that is not the true according to the emotions, and just to cater to the inherent some aesthetic habit, only to provoke our feelings for the purpose, conceptual and provide some cheap in paid out moved. And the highest value is not art makes a person in a relaxed mood of "beauty", such a happy socialist view of aesthetics will also raised "beauty" itself independent meaning. By contrast, the pursuit of the artist should be through to the feelings and the audience to care sincere communication. Operate up is mentioned before self-examination and suspended put aside the method of prejudice. So it seems, demand that the childhood and the "good" directly equate will only let us farther away from the true feelings; If we search, thought of my childhood in addition to and carefree, seems to be connected to the world more with the strange, don't understand, helpless and even fear, and lack of rational under fans crazy related. The author of this mysterious atmosphere reduction out than "the sunshine on the lawn of the happy children" situation can move more and impact of our hearts.

Dr. Sun yat-sen university philosophy LiFeng